Execution:
- Patient is in sitting or standing position
- The patient abducts the shoulders to 90°, externally rotates and horizontally abducts the shoulders and flexes the elbow to 90°
- The patient is then asked to open and close the hands for 3 minutes
Positive Outcome: Patient experiences heaviness, ischemic pain or weakness of the arms or numbness, tingling or discoloration in the hands. (Minor fatigue and distress are not considered as positive signs)
| Study | Reliability | Sn | Sp | LR+ | LR- |
| Gillard et al. (2001) | NA | 84 | 30 | 1.2 | 0.53 |
| Comment: The test is designed to stress all three intervals, but has a weak validity due to a very low specificity. | |||||
