Execution Option 1:
- The patient is in sitting position
- The patient is asked to shrug the shoulders while slightly abducting the arm (to lower rhomboid and levator scapulae activity)
- Optional: Examiner gives resistance into downward direction
Execution Option 2:
- The patient is in sitting position
- Patient abducts the arm to around 90°
- The examiners gives resistance into adduction direction and contralateral lateral flexion of the neck
Positive Outcome: Weakness compared to the other side and/or muscle atrophy is observed upon contraction
| Study | Reliability | Sn | Sp | LR+ | LR- |
| Ekstrom et al. (2003) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
