Passive Lumbar Extension Test

Execution:

  1. Patient is in prone lying position
  2. The examiner passively raises the patient’s legs at the ankles to about 30cm distance from the treatment table, while applying a gentle pull

 

Positive Outcome: Patient experiences severe low back pain, has a feeling of heaviness in the lower back or a feeling that the lower back is about to come off

Study

Reliability Sn Sp LR+

LR-

Kasai et al. (2006)

Inter-rater к= 0.69 84.2 90.4 8.84 0.17

Ferrari et al. (2014)

NA 43 86 3.07

0.66

Rabin et al. (2013) Inter-rater к= 0.76 NA NA NA

NA

Comment: The reader should be aware that radiographic instability does not always correlate with ‘clinical instability’. However, the test shows good diagnostic values.