Execution:
- Patient is in standing position
- The examiner assists the patient to move into maximal extension, lateral flexion, and rotation toward one side
- Repeat the procedure on the other side
- Optional: The examiner can apply overpressure if no symptoms are elicited and hold this compression for 3 seconds
Positive Outcome: Reproduction of the patient’s familiar back pain with or without referred pain
| Study | Reliability | Sn | Sp | LR+ | LR- |
| Stuber et al. (2014) | NA | 45.5 | 46.9 | 0.86 | 1.16 |
| Comment: The author pooled data from two studies using a double block injection with a minimum of 75% improvement in symptoms | |||||
