The classification system has three major subheadings of groin pain in athletes:
- Defined clinical entities for groin pain:
Adductor-related, iliopsoas-related, inguinal-related and pubic-related groin pain - Hip-related groin pain
- Other causes of groin pain in athletes
For all of the 4 following clinical entitites (of the first subheading) for groin pain the patient should report pain in the affected region that worsens on exercise. To categorize athletes into the 4 categories palpation, resistance testing and stretching of the affected muscle groups are used.
|
Study |
Reliability | Sn | Sp | LR+ | LR- |
|
Hölmich et al. (2004): Adduction functional pain |
Intra-rater к= 0.91 Inter-rater к= 0.92 |
NA | NA | NA |
NA |
|
Hölmich et al. (2004): Palpation pain m.adductor longus |
Intra-rater к= 0.89 Inter-rater к= 0.94 |
NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Hölmich et al. (2004): M. Psoas functional pain | Intra-rater к= 0.32 Inter-rater к= 0.64 |
NA | NA | NA |
NA |
|
Hölmich et al. (2004): M. Psoas stretching pain |
Intra-rater к= 0.81 Inter-rater к= 0.85 |
NA | NA | NA |
NA |
|
Hölmich et al. (2004): Abdominal functional pain |
Intra-rater к= 0.63 Inter-rater к= 0.57 |
NA | NA | NA |
NA |
| Hölmich et al. (2004): Symphysis palpation pain | Intra-rater к= 0.84 Inter-rater к= 0.70 |
NA | NA | NA |
NA |
| Comment: Weir et al. (2015) reached expert consensus on the terminology and definitions for groin pain. Hölmich et al. (2004) show that all clinical tests except the psoas resisted testing have at least substantial reliability. However percentage agreement of this test ws 90.3%. | |||||
