A complete list for the subjective and objective signs & symptoms that different specialists in the field have reached consensus upon can be found in the article below
Positive Outcome: There is no cut-off value, but the more items are present, the more likely your patient is experiencing ‘cervical spine instability’
N.B. The term ‘instability’ is a potentially harmful nocebo in our patients and should rather be termed ‘motor control impairment’!
| Study | Reliability | Sn | Sp | LR+ | LR- |
| Cook et al. (2005) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
