Dorsiflexion External Rotation Stress Test/ Kleiger’s Test

Execution:

  1. Patient is in sitting position with the knee hanging off the table with 90° of knee flexion
  2. The examiner grabs onto the foot from the sole and brings the talocrural joint into maximal dorsiflexion and maximal external rotation

 

Positive Outcome: Anterolateral pain over the syndesmosis is reproduced

Study

Reliability

Sn Sp LR+

LR-

Sman et al. (2013)

NA

71 63 1.93

0.46

Netterström-Wedin et al. (2021)

NA

NA 78 (73-82) NA

NA

Comment: Although this test is weak as a stand-alone test, it is the most accurate test to detect syndesmosis injury