Windlass Test

Execution:

1. Patient is standing on a stool or chair with the head of the 1^st metatarsal joint resting on the edge of the stool/chair
2. The examiner extends the toe at the 1^st metatarsophalangeal joint as far as possible

 

Positive Outcome: Patient experiences pain or increased pain at the insertion of the fascia on the 1^st metatarsal

Study	Reliability	Sn	Sp	LR+	LR-
De Garceau et al. (2003): Weighbearing	Intra ICC = 0.99 Inter ICC = 0.96	31.8	100	∞	0.68
De Garceau et al. (2003): Non-Weightbearing	Intra ICC = 0.99 Inter ICC = 0.96	13.6	100	∞	0.86