Execution:
- Patient is in sitting with the leg to be tested off the table
- The examiner brings the patient’s talocrural joint into 10-20° of plantar flexion and supinates the foot
- The examiner then brings the talocrural joint into neutral and supinates the foot again to test the calcaneofibular ligament
- In this position, the examiner also performs pronation to test the integrity of the deltoid ligaments
- At last, the examiner brings the talocrural joint into maximal dorsiflexion and performs supination again to test the posterior talofibular ligament
Positive Outcome: Pain provocation or excessive gapping compared with the unaffected side
| Study |
Reliability |
Sn | Sp | LR+ |
LR- |
| Rosen et al. (2015): chronic ankle instability only rating degree of gapping |
NA |
49 | 78-88 | 2.23-4.14 |
0.58-0.66 |
| Hertel et al. (1999): Chronic ankle instability and evaluated on degree of gapping |
NA |
50 | 88 | 4.00 |
0.57 |
