Starting Position of every movement described: Anatomic Position
Planes:
Sagittal Plane: Divides the body into left & right section
Frontal Plane: Divides the body into a front & back section
Horizontal/Transversal Plane: Divides the body into an upper & lower half
Axis:
Transversal Axis: Perpendicular to the Sagittal Plane
Sagittal Axis: Perpendicular to the Frontal Plane
Longitudinal Axis: Perpendicular to the Horizontal/Transversal Plane
Movements:
Movements are observed from a position perpendicular to the respective plane in the extension of the axis around which the osteokinematic movement takes place:
Flexion+Extension: Movements in the Sagittal Plane around a Transversal Axis
Abduction+Adduction: Movements in the Frontal Plane around a Sagittal Axis
Internal/Medial + External/Lateral Rotation: Movements in the Horizontal/Transversal Plane around a Longitudinal Axis